NCERT Solutions for Chapter 4 Food and Health Class 5 Science
Short Notes for Class 5 Science Chapter 4 Food and Health
Food is a source of energy. It is necessary to consume food
in order to grow. Health can be maintained through food. Food maintains body
functions and provides your body with the nutrients needed to maintain
well-being and energy. Healthy foods provide your body with these nutrients.
Among the key nutrients that make up a healthy, balanced diet are water,
carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals.
Food and Health Questions and Answers
Chapter Name | Food and Health NCERT Solutions |
Class | CBSE Class 5 |
Textbook Name | Science |
Related Readings |
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Question 1: Name the five main components of food.
Answer: The five main components of food are:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Vitamins
- Minerals
Question 2: What is roughage? How does it help us?
Answer: Roughage is the undigested part of the plant food. It helps in moving the food easily through our digestive system and help in proper removal of wastes from our body.
Question 3: List any four things that are essential for remaining healthy.
Answer: The four things are essential for remaining healthy are:
- Proper food
- Rest
- Exercise
- Correct posture
Question 5: What do you understand by a balanced diet?
Answer: A diet that contains adequate amounts of different components of food required for the healthy functioning of our body is called balanced diet.
Question 6: Why do we need food?
Answer: We need food for the following reasons:
1.For our survival
2.Food gives us energy
3.Foods help us to grow
4.It repairs the damaged cells of the body
Question 7: Why do we need proper rest and exercise?
Answer: We need proper rest because lack of rest will bad to improper functioning of our body organs.
Exercise help us to stay fit and healthy it improves our blood circulation and makes us happy and active.
Question 8: Why do cotyledons shrink and disappear?
Answer: The cotyledons shrink hand disappear because now the leaves will make food.
Question 9: What will happen if farmers will not leave any space between the seed while sowing them in a field?
Answer: If he will not leave space while sowing them some will not grow as they will struggle for nutrients, water etc.
Question 10: What is the use of spraying pesticides on crops?
Answer: The use of spraying pesticides on crops is to protect them from pests.
Question 11: Differentiate between non-communicable and communicable diseases.
Answer: Difference is as follows:
|
Communicable Disease |
Non-communicable Disease |
|
1. Communicable disease are those diseases that can spread from one person to another. |
1. Non-communicable disease are those disease that do not spread from person to another. |
|
2. The reasons for these diseases can be, Direct contact, Sharing of personal item like food , clothes of infected person, Transfer of germs by insects and mosquitoes. |
2. The reasons for these diseases is the deficiency of any of the important component of the food. |
|
3. Examples of communicable disease are – common cold and tuberculosis. |
3. Examples of non- communicable disease are – scurvy and rickets. |
Question 12: Is it possible to prevent diseases? Mention any two ways.
Answer: Yes, it is possible to prevent disease. The two ways are:
1.Eating healthy diet
2.Maintaining good hygiene
Question 13: What are deficiency diseases? Discuss any 6 deficiency diseases their cause and the food that can be eaten to overcome them.
Answer: Deficiency diseases are those diseases that happen because of deficiency of any one component of food in the diet. These are also called non-communicable diseases.
|
Deficiency diseases |
Caused by the lack of |
Food containing the vitamins/minerals |
|
Night blindness |
Vitamin A |
Papaya, mango, carrot, milk |
|
Beriberi |
Vitamin B 1 |
Milk, peas, cereals |
|
Scurvy |
Vitamin C |
Amla, lemon, orange , tomato |
|
Rickets |
Vitamin D |
Milk and milk products, sunlight |
|
Goiter |
Iodine |
Iodized salt |
|
Anemia |
Iron |
Spinach, apple, brinjal, meat |
Question 14: Describe any two communicable diseases?
Answer: Two communicable diseases are:
Measles:
(a) Reason:
- These diseases can spread through germs.
- When the infected person coughs or sneezes the germs can enter the air and make other sick.
- These diseases can also spread by sharing personal items like handkerchief, towels, clothes etc. with the infected person.
(b) Symptoms:- High level and red spots on the body.
(c) Prevention and cure:-
- Avoiding direct contact with the infected person.
- We should not share personal items of the infected person.
- The diseases can be cured by medicines and taking proper care of the infected person.
Malaria:
(a) Reason:
- These diseases can spread through mosquito bite.
(b) Symptoms: High fever, constant shivering and vomiting.
(c) Prevention and cure:
- We should not allow water to stagnate anywhere in our house e.g. - water in the water coolers as stagnate water will allow mosquito breading.
- This can be cured by medicines.
Question 15: Explain any two communicable diseases in relation to their symptoms and preventive measures?
Answer: Diseases is a state in which a function are part of the body is no longer in a healthy condition.
Two types of diseases are:
- Communicable (for e.g. - measles, malaria)
- Non communicable (for e.g. - beri-beri, scurvy)
Question 16: Define hygiene. Mention any five ways to maintain proper hygiene
Answer: Hygiene may be defined as practices that help to ensure cleanliness and good health.
The five ways are:
- We should take a bath daily
- We should at least brush our teeth twice in a day
- We should trim our nails regularly
- We should keep our surroundings clean
- We should wear clean clothes
Question 17: Define vaccination?
Answer: Vaccination is the use of the special substances called vaccines to prevent specific diseases.
Question 18: Define antibiotic?
Answer: Substances that can kill diseases -causing organisms are called antibiotics.
Question 19: What causes diseases like typhoid and cholera?
Answer: These diseases are caused by consuming contaminated food or water.
Question 20: Define allergy?
Ans: Some people are sensitive to dust or certain foo, animal or drugs. Exposure to such substances make these people ill causing itching, sneezing, rashes, etc. This condition is called allergy.