ML Aggarwal Solutions for Chapter 10 Reflection Class 10 Maths ICSE
Exercise 10.1
1. Find the co-ordinates of the images of the following points under reflection in the x-axis:
(i) (2, -5)
(ii) (–3/2, -1/2)
(iii) (-7, 0)
Answer
Co-ordinates of the images of the points under reflection in the x-axis will be
(i) Image of (2, -5) will be (2, 5)
(ii) Image of (-3/2, -1/2) will be (-3/2, 1/2)
(iii) Image of (-7, 0) will be (-7, 0)
2. Find the co-ordinates of the images of the following points under reflection in the y-axis:
(i) (2, -5)
(ii) – 3/2, 1/2
(iii) (0, - 7)
Answer
Co – ordinates of the image of the points under reflection in the y- axis
(i) Image of (2, - 5) will be (-2, 5)
(ii) Image of -3/2, 1/2 will be 3/2, 1/2
(iii) Image of (0, -7) will be (0, -7)
3. Find co-ordinates of the images of the following points under reflection in the origin.
(i) (2, -5)
(ii) (-3/2, -1/2)
(iii) (0, 0)
Answer
Co-ordinates of the image of the points under reflection in the y-axis
(i) Image of (2, -5) will be (-2, 5)
(ii) Image of -3/2, -1/2 will be 3/2, 1/2
(iii) Image of (0, 0) will be (0, 0)
4. The image of a point P under reflection in the x-axis is (5, -2).
Write down the co-ordinates of P.
Answer
As the image of a point (5, -2) under x-axis is P
∴ Co-ordinates of P will be (5, 2)
5. A point P is reflected in the x-axis. Co-ordinates of its image are (8, -6).
(i) Find the co-ordinates of P.
(iii) Find the co-ordinates of the image of P under reflection in the y-axis.
Answer
The co-ordinates of image of P which is reflected in x-axis are (8, -6), then
(i) Co-ordinates of P will be (8, 6)
(ii) Co-ordinates of image P under reflection in the y-axis will be (-8, 6)
6. A point P is reflected in the origin. Co-ordinates of its image are (2, -5). Find
(i) the co-ordinates of P.
(ii) The co-ordinates of the image of P in the x- axis.
Answer
The co-ordinates of image of a point P which is reflected in origin are (2, -5), then
(i) Co-ordinates of P will be (-2, 5)
(ii) Co-ordinates of the image of P in the x-axis will be (-2, - 5)
7. (i) The point P (2, 3) is reflected in the line x = 4 to the point P’. Find the co-ordinates of the point P’.
(ii) Find the image of the point P (1, - 2) in the line x = - 1.
Answer
(i) (a) Draw axis XOX’ and YOY’ and take 1 cm = 1 unit
(b) Plot point P (2, 3) on it.
(c) Draw a line x = 4 which is parallel to y-axis.
(d) From P, draw a perpendicular on x = 4, which intersects x = 4 at Q.
(e) Produce PQ to P’ such that QP’ = QP.
∴ P’ is the reflection of P in the x = 4
Co-ordinates of P’ are (6, 3)
(ii) (a) Draw axis XOX’ and YOY’ and take 1 cm = 1 unit.
(b) Plot the point P(1, -2) on it.
(c) Draw a line x = - 1 which is parallel to y-axis.
(d) From p, draw a perpendicular on the line x = -1, which meets it at Q.
(e) Produce PQ to P’ such that PQ = QP’
P’ is the image or reflection of P in the line x = - 1
Co-ordinates of P’ are (-3, -2)
Co –ordinates of P’ are (-3, - 2)
8.(i) The point P (2, 4) on reflection in the line y = 1 is mapped onto P’. Find the co-ordinates of P’.
(ii) Find the image of the point P (-3, -5) in the line y = - 2.
Answer
(i) (a) Draw axis XOX’ and YOY’ and take 1 cm = 1 unit.
(b) Plot point P (2, 4) on it.
(c) Draw a line y = 1 which is parallel to the x-axis.
(d) From P, draw a perpendicular on y = 1 which meets it at Q.
(e) Produce PQ to P’ such that QP’ = PQ.
P’ is the image of P, whose co-ordinates are (2, -2)
(ii) (a) Draw axis XOX’ and YOY’ and take 1 cm = 1 unit.
(b) Plot point P (-3, -5) on it.
(c) Draw a line y = - 2 which is parallel to the x-axis.
(d) From P, draw a perpendicular on y = - 2 which meets it at Q.
(e) Produce PQ to P’ such that QP’ = PQ.
Then P’ is the image of P, whose co-ordinates are (-3, 1)
9. The point (-4, -5) on reflection in y-axis is mapped on P’. The point P’ on reflection in the origin is mapped on P’’. Find the co-ordinates of P’ and P’’. Write down a single transformation that maps P onto P’’.
Answer
P’ is the image of point P (-4, -5) in y-axis
∴ Co-ordinates of P’ will be (4, -5)
Again P’’ is the image of P’ under reflection in origin will be (-4, 5).
The single transformation that maps P onto P’’ is the x-axis.
10. Write down the co-ordinates of the image of the point (3, -2) when :
(i) reflected in the x-axis
(ii) reflected in the y-axis
(iii) reflected in the x-axis followed by reflection in the y-axis.
(iv) reflected in the origin.
Answer
Co-ordinates of the given points are (3, -2).
(i) Co-ordinates of the image reflected in y – axis will be (3, 2)
(ii) Co-ordinates of the image reflected in y-axis will be (-3, -2)
(iii) Co-ordinates of the point reflected in x- axis followed by reflection in the y-axis will be (-3, 2).
(iv) Co-ordinates of the point reflected in the origin will be (-3, 2)
11. Find the co-ordinates of the image of (3, 1) under reflection in x-axis followed by a reflection in the line x = - 1.
Answer
(i) Draw axis XOX’ and YOY’ taking 1 cm = 1 unit.
(ii) Plot a point P (3, 1)
(iii) Draw a line x = 1, which is parallel to y-axis.
(iv) From P, draw a perpendicular on x-axis meeting it at Q.
(v) Produce PQ to P’ such that QP’ = PQ, then
P’ is the image of P is x-axis. Then co-ordinates of P’ will be (3, - 1)
(vi) From P’, draw a perpendicular on x = 1 meeting it at R.
(vii) Produce P’R to P’’ such that RP’’ = P’R
∴ P’’ is the image of P’ in the line x = 1
Co- ordinates of P’’ are (-1, -1)
12. If P’ (-4, - 3) is the image of a point P under refection in the origin, find
(i) the co-ordinates of P.
(ii) the co-ordinates of the image of P under reflection in the line y = - 2.
Answer
(i) Reflection of P is P’ (- 4, -3) in the origin
∴ Co-ordinates of P will be (4, 3)
Draw a line y = - 2, which is parallel to x- axis.
(ii) From P, draw a perpendicular on y = - 2 meetings it at Q
Produce PQ to P’’ such that QP’’ = PQ
∴ P’’ will the image of P in the line y = - 2
∴ Co-ordinates of P’’ will be (4, -7)
13. A point P (a, b) is reflected in the x- axis to P’ (2, -3), write down the values of a and b. P’’ is the image of P, when reflected in the y-axis. Write down the co-ordinates of P’’. Find the co-ordinates of P’’, when P is reflected in the line parallel to y-axis such that x = 4.
Answer
P’ (2, -3) is the reflection of P (a, b) in the x-axis
∴ Co –ordinates of P’ will be (a, - b) but P’ is (2, -3)
Comparing a = 2, b = 3
∴ Co –ordinates of P will be (2, 3)
P’’ is the image of P when reflected in y-axis
∴ Co-ordinate of P’’ will be (-2, 3)
Draw a line x = 4, which is parallel to y-axis
And P’’ is the image of P when it is reflected in the line x = 4,
Then P’’ is its reflection Co-ordinates of P’’ will be (6, 3).
14. (i) Point P (a, b) is reflected in the x-axis to P’ (5, -2). Write down the values of and b.
(ii) P’’ is the image of P when reflected in the y-axis. Write down the co-ordinates of P’’.
(iii) Name a single transformation that maps P’ to P’’.
Answer
(i) Image of P (a, b) reflected in the x-axis to P’ (5, -2)
∴ a = 5 and b = 2
(ii) P’’ is the image of P when reflected in the y-axis
∴ Its co-ordinates will be (-5, -2).
(iii) The single transformation that maps P’ to P’’ is the origin.
15. Points A and B have co-ordinates (2, 5) and (0, 3). Find
(i) the image A’ of A under reflection in the x-axis.
(ii) the image B’ of B under reflection in the line AA’.
Answer
Co-ordinates of A are (2, 5) and of B are (0, 3)
(i) Co-ordinates of A’, the image of A reflected in the x- axis will be (2, -5)
(ii) Co-ordinates of B’, the image of B under reflection in the line AA’ will be (4, 3).
16. Plot the points A(2, -3), B (- 1, 2) and C (0, -2) on the graph paper. Draw the triangle formed by reflecting these points in the x-axis. Are the two triangles congruent ?
Answer
The points A (2, -3), B (-1, 2) and C (0, -2) has been plotted on the graph paper as shown and are joined to form a triangle ABC. The co-ordinates of the images of A, B and C reflected in x-axis will be A’ (2, 3), B’ (-1, -2), C’ (0, 2) respectively and are joined to from another ∆A’B’C’
Yes, these two triangles are congruent.
17. The points (6, 2), (3, -1) and (-2, 4) are the vertices of a right angled triangle. Check whether it remains a right angled triangle after reflection in the y-axis.
Answer
Let A (6, 2), B (3, -1) and C (-2, 4) be the points of a right-angled triangle then the co-ordinates of the images of A, B, C reflected in y-axis be
A’ (-6, 2), B’ (- 3, -1) and C’ (2, 4)
18. The triangle ABC where A (1, 2), B (4, 8), C (6, 8) is reflected in the x-axis to triangle A’ B’ C’. The triangle A’ B’ C’ is then reflected in the origin to triangle A” B” C”. Write down the co-ordinates of A”, B”, C”. Write down a single transformation that maps ABC onto A” B’’ C’’.
Answer
The co-ordinates of ∆ABC are A (1, 2) B (4, 8), C (6, 8) which are reflected in x-axis as A’ B’ and C’.
∴ The co-ordinates of A’ (1, -2), B (4, -8) and C (6, - 8).
A’, B’ and C’ are again reflected in origins to form an ∆A’’B’’C’’.
∴ The co-ordinates of A’’ will be (-1, 2), B’’(-4, 8) and C’’(-6, 8)
The single transformation that maps ABC onto A’’ B’’ C’’ is y-axis.
19. The image of a point P on reflection in a line l is point P’. Describe the location of the line l.
Answer
The line will be the right bisector of the line segment joining P and P’.
20. Given two points P and Q, and that (1) the image of P on reflection in y-axis is the point Q and (2) the mid-point of PQ is invariant on reflection in x-axis. Locate
(i) the x-axis
(ii) the y- axis and
(iii) the origin.
Answer
Q is the image of P on reflection in y- axis.
And mid point of PQ is invariant on reflection in x-axis.
(i) x- axis will be the line joining the points P and Q.
(ii) The line perpendicular bisector of line segment PQ is the y-axis.
(iii) The origin will be the mid point of line segment PQ.
21. The point (-3, 0) on reflection in a line is mapped as (3, 0) and the point (2, -3) on reflection in the same line is mapped as (-2, -3).
(i) Name the mirror line.
(ii) Write the co-ordinates of the image of (-3, - 4) in the mirror line.
Answer
The point (-3, 0) is the image of point (3, 0)
And point (2, -3) is image of point (-2, -3) reflected on the same line.
(i) It is clear that the mirror line will be y- axis.
(ii) The co-ordinates of the image of the point (-3, -4)
Reflected in the same line i.e., y-axis will be (3, -4).
22. Use graph paper for this (take 2 cm = 1 unit long both x and y axis). ABCD is a quadrilateral whose vertices are A (2, 2), B (2, -2), C (0, -1) and D (0, 1).
(i) Reflect quadrilateral ABCD on the y-axis and name it as A’B’CD.
(ii) Write down the coordinates of A’ and B’.
(iii) Name two points which are invariant under the above reflection.
(iv) Name the polygon A’B’CD.
Answer:
(i) Quadrilateral ABCD is reflected on the y-axis and named as A’B’CD.
(ii) As A’ is the refection of A (2, 2) about the line x = 0 (y-axis)
Thus, the coordinate of A’ are (-2, 2).
And, as B’ is the reflection of B are (-2, -2).
(iii) Points C (0, 1) and D (0, 1) are invariant under the above reflection.
(iv) The polygon A’B’CD is a trapezium since A’B’ || CD.
23. Use graph paper for this question.
(i) The point P (2, -4) is reflected about the line x = 0 to get the image Q. Find the co-ordinates of Q.
(ii) Point Q is reflected about the line y = 0 to get the image R. Find the co-ordinates of R.
(iii) Name the figure PQR.
(iv) Find the area of figure PQR.
Answer
(i) Since the point Q is the reflection of the point P (2, -4) in the line x = 0, the co-ordinates of Q are (2, 4).
(ii) Since R is the reflection of Q (2, 4) about the line y = 0, the co-ordinates of R are (-2, 4).
(iii) Figure PQR is the right angled triangle PQR.
(iv) Area of ∆PQR = 1/2 × QR × PQ
= 1/2 × 4 × 8
= 16 sq. units.
24. Use graph paper for this question. The point P (5, 3) was reflected in the origin to get the image P’.
(i) Write down the co-ordinates of P’.
(ii) If M is the foot of perpendicular from P to the x-axis, find the co-ordinates of M.
(iii) If N is the foot of the perpendicular from P’ to the x-axis, find the co-ordinates of N.
(iv) Name the figure PMP’N.
(v) Find the area of the figure PMP’N.
Answer
P’ is the image of point P (5, 3) reflected in the origin.
(i) Co-ordinates of P’ will be (-5, -3).
(ii) M is the foot of the perpendicular from P to the x-axis. Co-ordinates of M will be (5, 0)
(iii) N is the foot of the perpendicular from P’ to x-axis. Co-ordinates of N will be (-5, 0).
(iv) By joining the points, the figure PMP’N is a parallelogram.
(v) Area of the parallelogram = 2 × Area of ∆ MPN
= 2 × 1/2 × MN × PM
= MN × PM
= 10 × 3
= 30 sq. units.
25. Using a graph paper, plot the points A (6, 4) and B (0, 4).
(i) Reflect A and B in the origin to get the images A’ and B’.
(ii) Write the co-ordinates of A’ and B’.
(iii) State the geometrical name for the figure ABA’B’.
(iv) Find its perimeter.
Answer
(i) A (6, 4), B (0, 4)
(ii)
(iv)
Perimeter = Sum of all sides = 6 + 10 + 6 + 10 = 32 units
26. Use graph paper to answer this question.
(i) Plot the points A (4, 6) and B (1, 2)
(ii) If A’ is the image of A when reflected in x- axis, write co-ordinates of A’.
(iii) If B’ is the image of B when B is reflected in the line AA’. Write the co-ordinates of B’.
(iv) Give the geometrical name for the figure ABA’B’.
Answer
(i) Plotting the points A (4, 6) and B (1, 2) on the given graph.
(ii) A’ = (4, -6)
(iii) B’ = (7, 2)
(iv) In the quadrilateral ABA’B’, we have AB = AB’ and A’B = A’B’
Hence, ABA’B’ is a kite.
27. The points A (2, 3), B (4, 5) and C (7, 2) are the vertices of ∆ABC.
(i) Write down the co-ordinates of A1, B1, C1 if ∆A1B1C1 is the image of ∆ABC when reflected in the origin.
(ii) Write down the co-ordinates of A2, B2, C2 if ∆ A2B2C2 is the image of ∆ ABC when reflected in the x-axis.
(iii) Assign the special name to the quadrilateral BCC2B2 and find its area.
Points A (2, 3), B (4, 5) and C (7, 2) are the vertices of ∆ABC.
A1, B1 and C1 are the images of A, B and C reflected in the origin.
(i) Co-ordinates of A1 = (-2, -3) of B1 (-4, -5) and of C1 (-7, -2).
(ii) Co-ordinates of A2, B2 and C2 the images of A, B and C when reflected in x-axis are A2 (2, -3), B2 (4, -5), C2 (7, -2)
= 1/2(BB2 + CC2) ×3
= 1/2(10 + 4) × 3
= 1/2 × 14 × 3
= 21 sq. units.
28. The point P (3, 4) is reflected to P’ in the x-axis and O’ is the image of O (origin) in the line PP’. Find :
(i) the co-ordinates of P’ and O’,
(ii) the length of segments PP’ and OO’.
(iii) the perimeter of the quadrilateral POP’O’.
Answer
P’ is the image of P (3, 4) reflected in x- axis. And O’ is the image of O the origin in the line P’P.
(i) Co-ordinates of P’ are (3, -4) and co-ordinates of O’ reflected in PP’ are (6, 0)
(ii) Length of PP’ = 8 units and OO’ = 6 units
(iii) Perimeter of POP’O’ is
4 × OP
29. Use a graph for this question. (Take 10 small divisions = 1 unit on both axes). P and Q have co-ordinates (0, 5) and (-2, 4).
(i) P is invariant when reflected in an axis. Name the axis.
(ii) Find the image of Q on reflection in the axis found in (i).
(iii) (0, k) on reflection in the origin is invariant. Write the value of k.
(iv) Write the co-ordinates of the image of Q, obtained by reflecting it in the origin followed by reflection in x-axis.
Answer
(ii) Let Q’ be the image of Q on reflection in y-axis. Co-ordinate of Q’ will be (2, 4)
(iii) (0, k) on reflection in the origin is invariant. Co-ordinates of image will be (0, 0). k = 0
(iv) The reflection of Q in the origin is the point Q’’ and its co-ordinates will be (2, -4) and reflection of Q’’ (2, -4) in x-axis is (2, 4) which is the point Q’.
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer from the given four options (1 to 7):
1. The reflection of the point P (-2, 3) in the x-axis is
(a) (2, 3)
(b) (2, -3)
(c) (-2, -3)
(d) ( -2, 3)
Answer
Reflection of the point P (-2, 3) in x-axis is (-2, -3) (c)
2. The reflection of the point P (-2, 3) in the y-axis is
(a) (2, 3)
(b) (2, -3)
(c) (-2, -3)
(d) (0, 3)
Answer
The reflection of the point P (-2, 3) under reflection in y-axis (2, 3) (a)
3. If the image of the point P under reflection in the x-axis is (-3, 2), then the coordinates of the point P are
(a) (3, 2)
(b) (-3, -2)
(c) (3, -2)
(d) (-3, 0)
Answer
The image of the point P under reflection in the x-axis is (-3, 2), then the co-ordinates of the point P will be (-3, -2) (b)
4. The reflection of the point P(1, -2) in the line y = -1 is
(a) (-3, -2)
(b) (1, -4)
(c) (1, 4)
(d) (1, 0)
Answer
The reflection of the point P (1, -2) in the line y = - 1 is (1, 0) (d)
5. The reflection of the point A (4, -1) in the line x = 2 is
(a) (0, - 1)
(b) (8, - 1)
(c) (0, 1)
(d) none of these
Answer
The reflection of A (4, -1) in the line x = 2 will be A’ (0, -1) (a)
Question 6. The reflection of the point (-3, 0) in the origin is the point
(a) (0, -3)
(b) (0, 3)
(c) (3, 0)
(d) none of these
Answer
Reflection of the point (-3, 0) in origin will be (3, 0) (c)
7. Which of the following points is invariant with respect to the line y = -2 ?
(a) (3, 2)
(b) (3, -2)
(c) (2, 3)
(d) (-2, 3)
Answer
The variant points are (3, -2) (b)
Chapter Test
1. The point P (4, -7) on reflection in x-axis is mapped onto P’ . Then P’ on reflection in the y-axis is mapped onto P’’. Find the co-ordinate of P’ and P’’. Write down a single transformation that maps P onto P’’.
Answer
P’ is the image of P (4, -7) reflected in x-axis
∴ Co-ordinates of P’ are (4, 7)
Again P’’ is the image of P’ reflected in y-axis
∴ Co-ordinates of P’’ are (-4, 7)
∴ Single transformation that maps P and P’’ is in the origin.
2. The point P (a, b) is first reflected in the origin and then reflected in the y-axis to P’ . If P’ has co-ordinates (3, -4), evaluate a, b.
Answer
The co-ordinates of image of P (a, b) reflected in origin are (-a, -b).
Again the co-ordinates of P’, image of the above point (-a, -b) reflected in the y-axis are (a, -b).
But co-ordinates of P’ are (3, -4)
∴ a = 3 and –b = - 4
b = 4
Hence a = 3, b = 4.
3. A point P (a, b) becomes (-2, c) after reflection in the x-axis, and P becomes (d, 5) after reflection in the origin. Find the value of a, b, c and d.
Answer
If the image of P (a, b) after reflected in the x-axis be (a, -b) but it is given (-2, c).
a = -2, c = -b.
if P is reflected in the origin, then its co-ordinates will be (-a, -b), but it is given (d, 5)
∴ -b = 5
⇒ b = - 5
d = - a = - (-2) = 2,
C = - b = -(-5) = 5
Hence a = -2, b = -5, c = 5, d = 2
4. A (4, -1), B (0, 7) and C (-2, 5) are the vertices of a triangle. ∆ ABC is reflected in y-axis and then reflected in the origin. Find the co-ordinates of the final images of the vertices.
Answer
A (4, -1), B (0, 7) and C (-2, 5) are the vertices of ∆ABC.
After reflecting in y-axis, the co-ordinates of points will be A’ (-4, -1), B’ (0, 7), C’ (2, 5) Again reflecting in origin, the co-ordinates of images of the vertices will be A’’ (4, 1), B’’ (0, -7), C’’ (-2, -5)
5. The point A (4, - 11), B (5, 3), C (2, 15), and D (1, 1) are the vertices of a parallelogram. If the parallelogram is reflected in the y-axis and then in the origin, find the co-ordinates of the final images. Check whether it remains a parallelogram. Write down a single transformation that brings the above change.
Answer
The points A (4, -11), B (5, 3), C (2, 15) and D (1, 1) are the vertices of a parallelogram.
After reflecting in-axis, the images of these points will be A’ (-4, 11), B’ (-5, 3), C (-2, 15) and D’ (-1, 1).
Again reflecting these points in origin, the image of these points will be A’’ (4, -11), B’’ (5, -3), C’’ (2, -15), D’’(0, -1)
Yes, the reflection of a single transformation is in the x-axis.
6. Use a graph paper for this question (take 2cm = 1 unit on both x and y axes).
(i) Plot the following points: A (0, 4), B (2, 3), C (1, 1) and D (2, 0)
(ii) Reflect points B, C, D on 7-axis and write down their co-ordinates. Name the images as B’, C’, D’ respectively.
(iii) Join points A, B, C, D, D’, C’, B’ and A in order, so as to form a closed figure. Write down the equation of line of symmetry of the figure formed.
Answer
(i) On graph A (0, 4), B (2, 3), C (1, 1) and D (2, 0)
(ii) B’ = (-2, 3), C’ = (-1, 1), D’ (-2, 0)
(iii) The equation of the line of symmetry is x = 0
7. The triangle OAB is reflected in the origin O to triangle OA’B’. A’ and B’ have coordinates (-3, -4) and (0, -5) respectively.
(i) Find the co-ordinates of A and B.
(ii) Draw a diagram to represent the given information.
(iii) What kind of figure is the quadrilateral ABA’B’ ?
(iv) Find the coordinates of A’’, the reflection of A in the origin followed by reflection in the y-axis.
(v) Find the co-ordinates of B’’, the reflection of B in the x-axis followed by reflection in the origin.
Answer
(i) ∆OAB is reflected in the origin O to ∆OA’B’.
Co-ordinates of A’ = (-3, -4), B’ (0, -5).
∴ Co-ordinates of A’ will be (3, 4) and of B will be (0, 5).
(ii) The diagram representing the given information has been drawn at the end.
(iii) The figure in the diagram is a rectangle.
(iv) The co-ordinate of B’, the reflection of B is the x-axis is (0, - 5) and co-ordinates of B’’, the reflection in origin of the point (0, - 5) will be (0, 5).
(v) The co-ordinates of the points, the reflection of A in the origin are (-3, -4)
and coordinates of A’’, the reflected in y-axis of the point (-3, -4) are (3, -4)
The solutions provided for Chapter 10 Reflection of ML Aggarwal Textbook. This solutions of ML Aggarwal Textbook of Chapter 10 Reflection contains answers to all the exercises given in the chapter. These solutions are very important if you are a student of ICSE boards studying in Class 10. While preparing the solutions, we kept this in our mind that these should based on the latest syllabus given by ICSE Board.
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