ICSE Solutions for Chapter 18 Health Organization Class 9 Biology Selina
Progress Check
1. In which year was WHO established?
Solution
The WHO was established in 1948.
2. Name the world organizations concerned with the following:
(a) Campaigning for control of endemic goiter
(b) Supplying food and other facilities for children in schools.
Solution
(a) Campaigning for control of endemic goitre – WHO(World Health Organization)
(b) Supplying food and other facilities to children in schools – Red Cross
Review Questions
A. Multiple Choice Type
(Select the most appropriate option in each case)
1. Red Cross Day is celebrated on
(a) May 8
(b) June 23
(c) September 17
(d) November 21
Solution
(a) May 8
The Red Cross is a national as well as international agency that provides relief by providing aid to humans during war and peace time both.
2. WHO headquarters are located in
(a) Paris
(b) Berlin
(c) Geneva
(d) New York
Solution
(b) Geneva
WHO has six regional offices in the world including one in Delhi.
B. Very short answer type
1. Match the activities in Column I with the respective organization in Column II (there can be one or more than one activity).
|
Activity |
Organization |
|
(i) To extend relief to victims of earthquake |
(A) Red Cross |
|
(ii) To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs |
(B) WHO |
|
(iii) Arranging ambulance in emergencies |
|
|
(iv) To suggest quarantine measures |
|
|
(v) Training of midwives |
|
|
(vi) Procuring and supplying blood for transfusion |
|
Solution
|
Activity |
Organization |
|
(i) To extend relief to victims of earthquake |
Red Cross |
|
(ii) To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs |
WHO |
|
(iii) Arranging ambulance in emergencies |
Red Cross |
|
(iv) To suggest quarantine measures |
WHO |
|
(v) Training of midwives |
Red Cross |
|
(vi) Procuring and supplying blood for transfusion |
Red Cross |
2. Where are the headquarters of WHO located?
Solution
The headquarters of WHO is located in Geneva.
3. What do the following abbreviations stand for?
(a)WHO
(b) UNO
Solution
(a) WHO – World Health Organization
(b) UNO – United Nations Organization
C. Short Answer Type
1. List any three health problems in India.
Solution
Health problems in India:
- Food- and water-borne diseases: Contaminated food and water cause several diseases. Water-borne diseases occur due to contaminated water from hand pumps or mixing of untreated sewage with river water.
- Insect- and air-borne diseases: Lack of cleanliness leads to breeding of houseflies and mosquitoes which are carriers of certain diseases.
- Lack of medical facilities: Lack of medical facilities especially in rural areas leads to unavoidable deaths and damage to health. Lack of knowledge and superstitious beliefs also delay timely treatment which may result in serious consequences.
2. State two functions of WHO.
Solution
The two functions of the WHO (World Health Organization) are:
- To promote and support projects for research on diseases
- To collect and supply information about the occurrence of diseases of an epidemic nature such as cholera, plague and yellow fever.
3. State the main functions of Red Cross.
Solution
The main functions of the Red Cross are:
- To extend relief and help to the victims of any calamity - flood, fire, famine and earthquake.
- To procure and supply blood for needy victims of war and other calamities.
- To extend all possible first-aid in an accident.
- To arrange for ambulance services in emergencies.
4. State the main functions of World Health Organization.
Solution
The main functions of the World Health Organization are:
- To promote and support projects for research on diseases.
- To collect and supply information about the occurrence of diseases of epidemic nature such as cholera, plague and yellow fever.
- To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs, to ensure purity and size of the dose.
- To organise campaigns for the control of epidemic (widespread) and endemic (local) diseases
5. Distinguish between sewage and effluents.
Solution
The difference between sewage and effluents are as follows:
|
Sewage |
Effluents |
|
Sewage(domestic wastewater) is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people as an outcome of daily activities such as washing, bathing etc and also contains faecal matter |
It is the liquid waste flowing out of a factory, farm etc into water bodies such as rivers, ponds, lakes etc. |
D. Long Answer Type
1. Describe the reasons for the formation of WHO.
Solution
- The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialised agency of the United Nations (UN) which is concerned with International public health.
- It was established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a member of the United Nations Development Group.
- Member countries of the UNO focused on the need for creating an international body to look after the health problems of the people of the world.
- This need was particularly felt in the field of research on the causes and cures of diseases.
- Combined efforts in this direction were to give better and faster results.
- Poor and developing countries were to benefit quickly.